Take-Away: A so-called modern trust is one that is highly flexible to adapt to changing laws and the evolving needs of the trust’s beneficiaries. One flexible feature of a trust is the trustee’s ability to change the situs of the trust to another jurisdiction that has more favorable laws. Chasing another state’s trust laws may […]

Take-Away: “IRA money in motion is IRA money at risk.” Mike Jones. Background: As a gross generalization, 3 things can go wrong when the transfer of funds, or a rollover of funds, into an IRA from a qualified plan or another IRA occurs. (A)Hardship Waiver:  If the rollover misses the applicable deadline (usually 60 days) for depositing […]

Each year Ronald D. Aucutt provides a summary of the top 10 estate planning and tax developments from the prior calendar year for the American College of Trust and Estate Council (ACTEC.) What follows are what Mr. Aucutt’s believes are the most important developments for 2021. His first, which I will omit, is the impact […]

Take-Away: A charitable lead trust is an effective estate planning tool to often used in a low-interest environment to shift wealth transfer tax-free. Background: A charitable lead trust (CLT) is an irrevocable trust which gives to the charity a ‘leading’ interest in the trust, either for a lifetime or a term of years. That ‘leading’ […]

Overview: Part I covered the four types of charitable lead trusts (CLTs) and suggested some of the reasons when a CLT might be used. Part 2 covers some of the detailed requirements of a CLT and  distinguishes the features of a charitable lead annuity trust (CLAT)  versus a charitable lead unitrust. (CLUT.) Common elements and […]

Background: A popular feature of many sophisticated trusts, to add flexibility to the trust to respond to future changes in the circumstances of trust beneficiaries, is to give a trust beneficiary a testamentary power of appointment over the trust assets, or a portion of the trust’s assets. The person to whom the testamentary power of […]

Take-Away: Much discussion took place in 2021 over the threat of the repeal of a basis step-up on the death of the asset’s owner. While that change in the tax law did not materialize in 2021, the debate on the merits of a step-up in basis is not going to go away anytime soon. Background: […]

Take-Away: Cryptocurrency can be purchased by an IRA, but it cannot be contributed to an IRA. Background: Cryptocurrency is not government issued legal tender. Rather, cryptocurrency is an asset class other than money. The IRS treats cryptocurrency as property, and not currency, so that cryptocurrency has an income tax basis for purposes of measuring gain […]

The applicable federal rates (AFRs) for April, 2022 are as follows: Short-term (less than 3 years): 1.26% (compared to 0.97% for March) Mid-term (3 years to 9 years):  1.87% (annual) 1.86% (semi-annual, quarterly or monthly) (compared to 1.74%  to 1.72% for March) Long-term (9 years or longer):  2.25% (annual or semi-annual), 2.24% (quarterly or monthly) […]

Take-Away: There are several tax benefits associated with the use of a grantor trust. One danger to stay away from, however, is establishing a ‘pattern, practice or routine’ where the trustee exercises its discretion to reimburse the settlor using the trust’s assets with regard to the settlor’s obligation to pay the income tax liability of […]